The Railway

 'Ordered, that leave be given to bring in a Bill for making a Railway from Ashburton, in the County of Devon, to join the South Devon Railway at Newton Abbott, in the same County; and that Sir John Yarde Buller, Mr Gill and Mr Matheson do prepare, and bring it in.'

Journals of the House of Commons, vol 101, part 1, Jan-May 1846, p85

Private Bills (which became Acts when passed by Parliament) were designed to mediate between the promoters of private projects - eg railway lines - and the people who might be affected by them. One factor that might be taken into account was whether the project was in the public interest.

See the Living Heritage section of http://www.parliament.uk for more on Private Acts and the role they played in establishing roads, railways and canals.
Dart Valley Railway locomotives, Ashburton Station 1969.
Photo reproduced from Wikipedia under creative commons licence

                                                                                                

The Ashburton Newton and South Devon Junction Railway Company was registered between 1844 and 1856, and either dissolved before 1856 or re-registered by 1860
                   

National Archives BT 41/782/4200

Board of Trade and successors

http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ - Accessed 14-1-2014


In 1845 the Ashburton, Newton and South Devon Junction Railway was provisionally registered. It had capital of £60,000, consisting of 2,400 shares of £25 each. A deposit of £1 5s could be made for a share.

James Matheson, MP, was on the committee, as was, amongst others: the Portreeve, the vicar, and the Caunter brothers, John, Richard and Henry.

Western Times 28 June 1845 p3 col5

 

In January 1849 the Ashburton, Newton and South Devon Railway held their half-yearly meeting at Ashburton, and decided to delay construction of the line until the summer. The engineer's report stated that the entire line, 11 miles in all, was marked out, and it was estimated to cost £103,250.

Exeter Flying Post 11 January 1849 p8 col3

 

'Before the opening of the railways, it was a great thoroughfare for coaches, vans etc.between Plymouth and London.......

........(it is) about 7 miles W by S of the South Devon Railway Station, to which a branch line is projected...but not yet commenced'

Whites History, Gazeteer and Directory of Devon 1850 p461

                                                                       ********

                        

1850 The high cost of transportation by railway resulted in a large proportion of goods being moved by screw steamer from London to Plymouth, and then up to Ashburton by carrier.

Western Times 28 September 1850 p5 col4

                                                                                                                            

1863. Edward Husson, innkeeper, via Mr Astell*,  petitioned Parliament on the mileage duty on stage coaches.

Western Times 3 April 1863 p5 col3

* Mr John H Astell, MP

 

1864 saw the first meeting of the new Ashburton Highway District Board.

Western Times 5 April 1864 p3 col1

                                                             

1852 Plans to build a railway line between Ashburton and Newton Abbot were abandoned. 'They will yet see their error'

Exeter Flying Post 18 November 1852 p4 col2


1865 The Portreeve, J Fabyan Sparke Amery, wrote to Sir Lawrence Palk, Chairman of the Directors of the Teign Valley Railway Company*, expressing his regret at the rejection of the Teign Valley Railway Bill in the House of Lords.

Western Times 2 September 1864 p8 col2

*When Mary Ann Yolland died in 1888, she held, amongst other securities, one share of £20 in the Teign Valley Railway Co. It was declared valueless at probate.

See Yolland Family documents, under People and Properties.

1867 The Exeter and Plymouth Gazette made a plea for at least one of the two main clocks in Ashburton to be set at the correct time. Neither of them, the newspaper complained, agreed with railway time, making life particularly difficult for those travelling the eight miles to catch a train.

Exeter and Plymouth Gazette 27 December 1867 p7 col2

 

Above: Third class ticket

Right: Luggage label

From my own collection

In 1870 The Exeter and Plymouth Gazette reported on some of the works necessary in connection with the new railway. A cutting 5ft 8in deep had to be made in Prigg Meadow, where the railway station was to be built. The excavated material was deposited in the adjoining Cann Meadow, where the level needed to be raised.

The course of the river Yeo was diverted where it ran from Prigg Meadow into Cann Meadow, and water pipes conveying water from Chuley into the town were moved. The rails still went over some of these pipes, so a manhole had been fitted in case repairs were ever necessary.

The town sewer emptied into a large pond beside the station, and this could not be stopped.

Alterations to the parish road to Staverton were causing some problems: the corner by the Gas Works was very sharp, and blasting would have to be employed at the end by Chuley House.

Exeter and Plymouth Gazette  29 April 1870 p7 col5

                                                                        *******                  

 1872

The new line to Ashburton was inspected in April, by sending a train along it drawn by the heavy Hero engine. Engineers and contractors were aboard, testing that all was well. A large number of people watched the train arrive at Ashburton Station. 

Western Times 5 April 1872 p8 col3                  

                                                                        *******

May 1872

'Yesterday the inhabitants (of Ashburton) were connected with the outer world by the advent of the iron horse.'

£110 was collected to pay for the occasion, which was marked by the shops being shut, flags flying, triumphal arches being constructed, and trees being planted either side of the main streets.

Loud cheers greeted the engine, decorated with flowers and flags, as it approached. A select number of people lunched at the Town Hall, following a procession, but later there was a 'monster tea' in the market place for about 1,500 people. 'Rural games' were played in a field next to the station, including donkey racing and climbing a greasy pole - the incentive to attempt this was a leg of mutton, hanging from the top.

Western Times 2 May 1872 p3 col2

 

1873 An argument arose as to whether the Rose and Crown Inn should close at 11pm local time, or conform to Greenwich time, which was kept by the railway. An appeal was set to be heard at the Quarter Sessions.

Western Times 8 August 1873 p7 col2

 

On Sunday 11th July a porter telegraphed Buckfastleigh to ask if the line was clear. The message did not get through because a tree falling across the line had also brought down the telegraph gear. Getting no reply, the porter eventually sent a train from Ashburton, which then ran into the tree.  Two front wheels of the train came off the line, but no other damage was done.

Western Times 13 July 1875 p1 col1

 

1877 Richard Moore, of Ashburton, died suddenly on Totnes Railway Station platform, whilst waiting for a train. He died on Thursday - the inquest was held on Saturday in the waiting room. The verdict was 'Disease of the heart or other visitation of God': the jury gave their fees to the widow.

Western Times 3 April 1877 p6 col3

1878 Richard Preston, East Street, is shown as the agent for goods and parcels for the Great Western Railway.
John Harris is the Station master.
White's History, Gazetteer and Directory of Devon, 1878-79, pp 109, 110


A report into an accident in 1892 gives some details about Ashburton station and line.
'The line between Ashburton and Totnes is single, and at the time of the collision the gauge was broad. It is worked on the train staff and ticket system, combined with the absolute block. Ashburton is a single-sided station, and is not a passing place for passenger trains, though there is a loop to enable passenger trains to pass goods trains, and goods trains to pass each other. There is also a small goods yard and shed at the west end of the station. The signals are worked by levers on the platform, and the points, which are wire-locked with the signals, are worked by hand-levers on the ground. The block instruments are kept in the booking office. About 150 yards outside the down home-signal the line crosses the River Dart by means of a wrought iron girder bridge, and the collision occurred on this bridge. A short distance from the river there is an arched overbridge, with heavy masonry abutments and parapet, and beyond the over-bridge there is the distant-signal. Between the home-distant signals the line is on a curve of 29 chs. radius, and the overbridge, which is 
situated about halfway between the signals, renders the view along this curve very limited. The line falls nearly all the way from Ashburton to Buckfastleigh, the gradient between the distant-signal and the overbridge referred to above being 1 in 92. From the overbridge into the station there is a short ascent into the station of 1 in 96. On approaching Buckfastleigh from Ashburton there is a good view of the down distant-signal for over half a mile, but owing to trees the home-signal can hardly be distinguished by a driver until his engine has passed the overbridge.'

In the accident a down passenger train from Ashburton was approaching Buckfastleigh when it ran into a goods train. 'Two passengers complained of being shaken. Some slight injuries were caused to the passenger train.'
The Railway Engineer, vol 13, 1892, p256


At the end of March 1900 John Smerdon retired after 40 years service with GWR. He had spent 28 years as guard on the Totnes to Ashburton branch. He was presented with a pipe engraved with his monogram, a walking stick and an engraved silver band. Later, at a meeting of the townsmen at the London Hotel, he was presented with a purse of sovereigns.
Western Times 8 May 1900 p3 col5

                                                                              ********

'The train service was good, a penny a mile third class, 17/5 to Paddington; but to go to Newton (eight miles away) one had to go nine miles to Totnes first and this made the journey expensive. The station master, Mr John Harris, and the guard, Mr Smerdon, wore fine blue uniforms with frock coats and peaked hats. Dignity was theirs. The train stopped just before reaching the platform in order that a porter might collect tickets.'

John Satterly, Memories of Ashburton in Late Victorian Days, Transactions of the Devonshire Association, vol 84, Torquay 1952, p27


1903 £100 was raised to recognise the service of the late John Harris, who had been stationmaster at Ashburton for over 30 years.

Exeter and Plymouth Gazette 30 June 1903 p6 col1


                                                                   ********

'Ashburton was the terminus of the GWR branch line which ran to Totnes. Four or five trains each day went to Totnes and back. Most trains, when they arrived at Ashburton, were met by two conveyances, one from the Golden Lion Hotel and the other from the London Hotel. Commercial travellers who called on the local drapers would bring with them by train very large wicker hampers containing articles of clothing etc., which they would exhibit to their prospective buyers. Five minutes before the departure of each train from Ashburton, a porter would come outside the station and ring a large bell which, in effect, meant "get moving" to any intending passenger who may be on his or her way.'
From the reminiscences of Reg Andrews, born 1893. Many thanks to Dave Hodge-Brooks and Ernie Smerdon for passing these on.

Above: Receipt from the Great Western Railway Company, for conveyance of Goods etc. In this instance solicitor Mr Firth has paid for conveying pipes and bricks from Chudleigh to Ashburton, at a total cost of £1 3s 8d. The goods were heading for Holne Park in 1881.

From my own collection

 

Some Ashburton residents working on the railway - from the 1911 census

Francis Parsons Bartlett, Signal porter G W Railway

Alec Beavis, Railway engine fireman

George Edgecombe, Engineer railway

Harry Godfrey, Foreman railway engine G W R

George Hannaford, Packer on railway line

John Harris, Railway station master

George Harry, Railway porter

Thomas Henry Harvey, Packer on G W Railway

Frank Haughins, G W R railway plate layer

Ernest Albert Knight, Railway checker

Daniel John Mann, Railway engine fireman

John Martin, Railway porter

Frank Pook, Railway porter

Alfred Ernest Preston, Cartage agent, G W Railway Co.

Alfred Josiah Stephens, G W Railway guard passenger train

Thomas Towillis, Railway carriage cleaner

http://ancestry.co.uk/

In 1912 there was a long discussion during a meeting of the Ashburton Urban District Council concerning the lack of a train on Sundays. It was 'a great inconvenience to naval men and others in the neighbouhood.'

Western Times 9 July 1912 p3 col4                                                                 

Reginald Eales, of Cullompton, died in August 1925. Amongst his colleagues present at the funeral was Mr Burgess, the station master at Ashburton.
Western Times 14 August 1925, p10 col2

In 1925 Frederick James Burgess and Florence Mabel Burgess were living at Albany Cottage, Ashburton.
1925 Register of Electors.


Above: The north side of the station.The fashions suggest a date from the early 20th century
From my own collection
Above: View of the station showing the town's name on the left and the cattle enclosures on the right.

Cattle were not the only other passengers on the trains. A label addressed to the Station Master at Ashburton Station shows that live pigeons were being transported. The instruction was 'Please liberate (weather permitting) clear of wires or other obstructions. If weather is wet or foggy, please return Birds and Basket to sender.' The basket had come from Haimes and Cook, Devonport Station.
Item sold privately. Not in my possession.
Above: The station in 1954
Below: Probably also from the 1950s
All photographs above from my own collection

The last passenger train left Ashburton in November 1958 - see ticket below


Above and below: Ashburton Station 1964
From my own collection. The photographs are
© R A Ganderton, to whom many thanks for allowing me to use them on this website
'When you went into the building, the ticket office was on your right...there was luggage on the left, smelling of leather.' (Ashburton resident)
'I was always playing on the tracks or at the station because I would start off in the park next to St Andrew's, cross the stream and end up on the tracks....'
Many thanks to Roy Martin

'I have just recalled the last run of the Ashburton Flyer. This engine, known as Bulliver, was in fact one of my earliest experiences since I had been born in Ashburton and we used to be taken to see it and its driver, Mr Cartright. There are many tales of this train, such as going back when someone had forgotten their sandwiches, and the one about the cat that lived in Ashburton but liked to visit Totnes every day, returning by the afternoon train, of course. If it wasn't sitting on the platform they would wait for it.'
Many thanks to Charles Bazalgette

Above: Poster for combined rail and river tours, 1958

From my own collection

Above items are from my own collection 

                                                                                 ********




Left: The old engine house
My own photograph 2015

 See http://www.cornwallrailwaysociety.org.uk/ashburton-branch---south-devon-railway.html for more pictures of Ashburton Station and the Ashburton/Totnes line.